Poetry: Understanding Rhythm and Meter

Many people have a difficult time understanding and using rhythm and meter in poetry. I was certainly one of them.  For this reason, when I took a seminar in teaching writing for my master's degree, I included activities to tackle them in my lesson plans. If you find yourself needing extra help, or even a refresher, on rhythm and meter, check out the video below.

Do you try to work in rhythm and meter in your poetry? If you usually stick to free verse, give it a try sometime! It really helps to solidify an understanding of the concepts.

Five Types of Poetry You Should Try

Before I really studied poetry, my own poems always focused on end line rhymes. I had no idea what meter, rhythm, closed form, and free form had to do with writing poetry.  Yeah, everyone knows William Shakespeare's work, but do you know how hard it is to write a good Shakespearean sonnet?  Try one of these types of poetry to stretch your poetic skill.

1. The Nonet is all about syllable count. There is no focus on rhyme schemes or meter.  Write 9 lines, the first containing 9 syllables, the second 8, the third 7, until you end at one.
2. Shape Poetry. Write a poem in the shape of whatever you're writing about.  For example, a poem about a bird would be shaped like a bird.  This is a great way to see how shape and white space can enhance a poem.
3. The cinquain focuses on syllable count. Using a total of 22 syllables, the lines are split between 2, 4, 6, 8, and 2 syllables. On the fourth and longest line, the poem comes to a climax or twist, and the final line serves to bring it back down.
4. The triolet utilizes rhyme and repetition. The 1st, 4th, and 7th lines repeat and the 2nd and 8th lines repeat, creating the form abaaabab. Only the 2nd, 5th, and 6th are unique in the poem.
5. Free verse frees you from any constraints. Focus on where to put line breaks and see where it takes you!

Feel free to share in the comments.

Alabama Snow

An evening white with snow
the weather channel shows.
Hurry, hurry! Please prepare!
Water! Blankets! Bread!

The shelves in stores are bare
the streets are dark and dead
A flake of snow is falling
and friends and kin are calling.

Exciting! Dreadful! Scary!
The people are warm and wary.
Reports on television warn and show
excited children want to know.

Morning shows a flurry came and went without a flake to stick
perhaps we southern people act a little quick.


It's been cold down south a lot lately... can't say that I like it! We don't do well with cold down here.

A Beginning Poet's Assets

Poetry takes many different forms.  Meter, syllable count, rhythm, and literal shapes are combined in endless ways, or even avoided completely, to create poetic pieces.  Line breaks, organization, and white space can be used to change or create meaning in a poem.  Although my main goal is to write fiction, I find poetry writing a great exercise because it often heavily utilizes many literary devices that are beneficial to both forms.  During a recent poetry writing workshop with Southern New Hampshire University, I found the following resources most important to my writing process.


The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics
A full spectrum of poetry information sorted alphabetically for easy navigation.  From poetic movements to terminology, the site a great first resource for poetry knowledge.

Shadow Poetry - A Poet's Writing Resource
Shadow Poetry explores poetic figures of speech, forms, mechanics, and terms.  The site provides definitions and examples, a poetry guide, a poetry handbook, and a word challenge poetry competition.  The numerous forms of poetry discussed and explained will prove a great resource to a poet looking to stretch out of their comfort zone, challenge their abilities, or simply learn new forms by which to express their poetic ability.

Rhymer by WriteExpress
A free rhyming dictionary that allows you to search for rhyming words by beginning rhyme, end rhyme, first syllable rhyme, last syllable rhyme, and double rhyme.  The free online version is limited, but very helpful.

Thesaurus
Find synonyms and antonyms for words.  The search breaks words down by definition, part of speech, and the directly related synonyms and antonyms for each one.  A simple click of one word will bring you to the same break down for the selected word.  Sometimes in poetry you need to express things differently from your initial wording and a thesaurus is necessary to really explore your options unless, of course, you're a walking dictionary and thesaurus.

VirtualSalt: A Handbook of Rhetorical Devices
A list of 60 rhetorical devices to spice up your writing with definitions and examples for terms such as alliteration, anaphora, assonance, oxymoron, metaphor, personification, etc. 

How Many Syllables
Simple syllable counter for those words you aren't too sure about.